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Обобщены сведения из зарубежных литературных источников о выращивании форели радужной, или микижи (Oncorhynchus mykiss), при включении в рационы кормов высушенной и/или обезжиренной биомассы насекомых. Для добавления в рацион питания радужной форели и других видов рыб рекомендованы следующие виды насекомых: личинки и/или куколки двукрылой мухи (Hermetia illucens), домашней мухи (Musca domestica), личинки мучного червя (Tenebrio molitor), саранча и кузнечики (Acrididae), сверчки (Gryllidae) и катидиды (Tettigoniidae), куколки тутового шелкопряда (Bombyx mori). Приведены сведения о содержании белков и жирных кислот в свежих и высушенных личинках насекомых. Отмечается, что мука из высушенной биомассы насекомых содержит большое количество аминокислот и жирных кислот. Приведены сведения о влиянии включения в корм для рыб муки из личинок насекомых на увеличение массы молоди и взрослых особей радужной форели, усвояемость сухого вещества корма, органолептические показатели филе рыб, аминокислотный и жирнокислотный состав и другие показатели. Определено, что в большинстве случаев коэффициент выживания молоди Oncorhynchus mykiss значительно выше в опытных груп-пах, в которых осуществлялось кормление рыб рационом, содержащим муку из насекомых. Сделан вывод, что включение муки из биомассы насекомых в определенных пропорциях положительно влияет на рост и жизнедеятельность особей Oncorhynchus mykiss. Наиболее перспективным видится использование в качестве ингредиента в рационе для выращивания радужной форели в аквакультуре муки из личинок Hermetia illucens, т. к. последние имеют наибольший выход биомассы в единицу времени по сравнению с другими насекомыми.
аквакультура, Oncorhynchus mykiss, радужная форель, рацион, мука из личинок насекомых
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